$$\ce{CH2=CH2 +Br2->CH2Br-CH2Br}$$

$$\ce{CO(NH2)2\xrightarrow{160^\circ C }NH3 +HCNO}$$

$${C_xH_yO_z +(x +\frac y4-\frac z2)O_2\rightarrow xCO_2+\frac y2H_2O}$$

$$水解反应(类型为取代)\\\ce{CH3-CH2Br +NaOH\xrightarrow[\triangle]{水}CH3-CH2-OH +NaBr}\\消去反应\\\ce{CH3-CH2Br +NaOH\xrightarrow[\triangle]{C_2H_5OH}CH2=CH2 +NaBr +H2O}$$

$$乙醇\ce{CH3CH2OH}\\$$

$$取代反应\\\ce{CH3-CH2-OH +H-Br(浓)\xrightarrow[\triangle]{ }CH3-CH2-Br +NaBr +H2O} \\消去反应\\\ce{CH3-CH2-OH\xrightarrow[170^\circ C]{浓\ce{H_2SO4}}CH2=CH2 +H2O }\\催化氧化\\\ce{2CH3-CH2-OH +O2\xrightarrow[\triangle]{\ce{Ag/Cu}} 2CH3-CHO +2H2O} \\置换反应\\ \ce{2C2H5-OH +2Na\rightarrow 2C2H5ONa +H2}$$

$$\ce{5C2H5OH +4KMnO4 +6H2SO4\rightarrow 5CH3COOH +4MnSO4 +2K2SO4 +11H2O }$$

$$\ce{2K2Cr2O7 +8H2SO4 +3C2H5OH\rightarrow3CH3COOH +2Cr2(SO4)3 +11H2O +2Mn2SO4}$$

$$\ce{CH\equiv CH +HCl\xrightarrow[\triangle]{催化剂}CH2=CHCl (氯乙烯)}$$

$$\ce{C2H5OH\xrightleftharpoons[还原\ce{H2}]{氧化\ce{KMnO4(H+)/K2Cr2O7(H+)/O2}}CH3CHO\xrightarrow{氧化}CH3COOH}$$

$$\ce{2CH3CH2OH +O2\xrightarrow[\triangle]{催化剂} 2CH3CHO +2H2O}\\ \ce{2CH3CHO +O2\xrightarrow[\triangle]{催化剂} 2CH3COOH}\\ \ce{CH3CHO +H2\xrightarrow[\triangle]{催化剂}CH3CH2OH}$$

$$乙醛\rightarrow\ce{CH3CHO}\\银镜反应\\ \ce{AgNO3 +NH3\cdot H2O=AgOH \downarrow +NH4NO3}\\ \ce{AgOH +2NH3\cdot H2O=Ag(NH3)2OH +2H2O}\\ \ce{CH3CHO +2Ag(NH3)2OH\xrightarrow{\triangle}CH3COONH4 +H2O +2Ag\downarrow +3NH3}\\ 与新制\ce{Cu(OH)2}反应\\ \ce{2Cu(OH)2 +CH3CHO +NaOH\xrightarrow{\triangle}CH3COONa +Cu2O\downarrow +3H2O}$$

$$\ce{3I2 +6NaOH=5NaI +NaIO3 +3H2O}$$

$$\ce{2 CrO4^2- + 2 H+ ⇌ Cr2O7^2- + H2O}$$

$$\ce{2 K2CrO4 + 3 H2S + 2 H2O → 2 Cr(OH)3↓ + 4 KOH + 3 S}$$

$$\rm 制取Fe^{2+}\rightarrow\begin{cases}\ce{Fe +2H+ =Fe^{2+} +H2}\\ \ce{Fe +2Cu^{2+}=Fe^{2+} +Cu}\end{cases}$$

$$\ce{Fe(NH4)2·(SO4)2·6H2O}-摩尔盐(复盐)\\ \ce{FeSO4 +(NH4)2SO4 +6H2O=Fe(NH4)2·(SO4)2·6H2O}$$

$$\ce{Fe^{3+}}氧化剂 \\ \ce{H2S +2Fe^{3+} =2Fe^{2+} +S+\downarrow+ 2H^+}$$

$$\rm Fe\quad IV\quad 强氧化剂\\ \ce{4K2FeO4 +10H2O=4Fe(OH)3↓+3O2↑+8KOH}$$

$$铝土矿的提纯\\ \ce{铝土矿(Al2O3.xH2O)\xrightarrow[过滤]{NaOH}NaAlO2\xrightarrow[过滤]{足量CO_2}Al2O3 \xrightarrow{电解(\ce{Na3AlF6})}Al}$$

$$\ce{2Al +2NaOH +2H2O=2NaAlO2 +3H2↑}$$

$$\ce{2Al + Fe2O3\xrightarrow{点燃} Al2O3 +2Fe}$$

$$\ce{H2O + AlO2- + HCO3- = Al(OH)3↓+ CO3 ^2-}$$

$$\ce{Al2O3 +Na2CO3=2NaAlO2 +CO2↑}$$

$$\ce{Cu2(OH)2CO3}\qquad铜锈俗称铜绿,孔雀石,碱式(\ce{Cu(OH)2})碳酸铜(\ce{CuCO3})\\\ce{Cu2(OH)2CO3\xrightarrow{加热}2CuO +CO2\uparrow +H2O}$$

$$\ce{Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2}\qquad 蓝铜矿(+1\ce{CuCO3})$$

$$青铜 -\ce{Cu -Sn-Pb}\\紫铜，又名红铜，是铜单质\\黄铜 -\ce{Cu -Zn}\\ 波尔多液-\ce{CuSO4·xCu(OH)2·yCa(OH)2·zH2O}\\ \ce{CuSO4 -白色}\\\ce{CuSO4.5H2O -蓝色}$$

$$\ce{Cu(OH)2 + 2NaOH->Na2[Cu(OH)4]}\\ \ce{Na2[Cu(OH)4] -四羟基合铜酸钠}\\斐林试剂A液B液-0.1g/mL的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为0.05g/mL的硫酸铜溶液.\\ 双缩脲试剂A液B液-0.1g/mL的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为0.01g/mL的硫酸铜溶液. \\\ce{2Na2[Cu(OH)4] +C6H12O6 ->Cu2O +4NaOH +C6H12O7 +2H2O}\\\ce{CuO->黑色}\\\ce{Cu2O->砖红色}$$